G.V.Lab.(Global Volunteer Laboratory)

Wet-TSA Atmospheric CO2 Separation and Recovery Test

The Idea of ​​Saturated Steam Regeneration: An Empty Theory?

● The Idea of ​​Saturated Steam Regeneration: An Empty Theory?
The basic idea for the Wet-TSA method was conceived in 2012 and presented at the final meeting with our research partner. However, perhaps because it was considered an empty theory, no one agreed with it, and I forgot about it for a while.
● Zeolite-Based TSA Method
At that time, as part of the company's next-generation product development goals, we were also working on improving the performance of CO2 concentration using zeolite rotors. We considered various new (complex) flows, including the addition of a dehumidifying rotor, but we realized there were limitations. My successors were also testing amine-based methods in parallel, but they only learned about the insurmountable limitations of thermal and oxidative degradation and the TSA method.
● Hot Water Regeneration
So, we also considered regeneration using hot water and even conducted tests using PET bottles, but this did not lead to any further ideas.
● Recalling Saturated Steam Regeneration
One day, as my retirement as an executive approached, I remembered saturated steam regeneration.
I proposed filing patent applications, but no one supported it, and the intellectual property department didn't seem likely to take action, so I completed 80-90% of the specifications myself and filed applications one after another.
●Then I retired from my executive position and became a contract employee.
I was educating younger colleagues to pass on my years of research experience in total heat exchangers and desiccant dehumidifiers. In between, I was quietly conducting prototype experiments in a corner, modifying discarded test equipment to implement the saturated steam regeneration idea I had previously patented, but it wasn't working. The recovery gas I wanted to cool wouldn't cool down properly, and conversely, the insulated equipment was insufficiently insulated, causing condensation of saturated steam and making everything wet.
●One year after becoming a contract employee, I was asked to become an auditor. I was given permission to continue the experiments for a while, but there was no budget, so I modified discarded equipment and used scrap materials from the factory to build experimental equipment - No. 3 to No. 1, and continued the experiments.
—The first unit was a small dehumidification test machine made of acrylic plate (for a φ320mm x 50mm rotor) that was prototyped more than 10 years ago and proved useless, which was secretly kept and decluttered, and was modified for use with DAC. We obtained some prototype rotor material for CO2 and assembled it into a φ320mm x 50mm rotor, and the method involves increasing the recovery CO2 concentration by introducing boiling steam into the desorption circulating gas. No matter how we changed the conditions, the maximum concentrated CO2 concentration we could achieve was about 3%. We thought this was due to the release of CO2 into the outside air due to the rotor rotation and the mixing of outside air into the CO2.
Wet-TSA method principle diagram

Wet-TSA Prototype No. 1

One day, while struggling with condensation caused by insufficient insulation, I came up with the idea of ​​embedding all the equipment inside an insulation board. This eliminated the need for sheet metal processing, heat-resistant PVC pipes, and insulation. It allowed me to create the desired flow path configuration by hand, expanding my creative possibilities.
A complex flow achieved by structuring it within the insulation material.
The unit casing is also entirely made of insulation.

The prototype Wet-TSA machine showed surprisingly high performance in demonstration tests.

Based on the test results of Unit 1, we determined the rotor speed (fixed-speed synchronous motor) and the circulating purge gas volume (fixed-flow diaphragm pump).
As soon as we started the experiment, we realized the rotor speed was completely wrong, so we replaced the synchronous motor with one that rotated at approximately half the speed. Immediately, the recovery CO2 concentration rose to nearly 60%. We were surprised by this unprecedented high performance, but we also had to replace the diaphragm pump; otherwise, the purge flow rate would have been excessive, but we couldn't do that in time. This was because the CEO had instructed me to take on the role of Directors and Audit Committee Member and join the newly established Auditor's Office.
In the final experiment, we even recorded a CO2 concentration of 100%. I think perhaps some foreign object clogged the rubber valve of the diaphragm pump, reducing the circulating purge volume to the optimal flow rate and resulting in this peak performance.
It's truly regrettable that this was the last experiment we conducted.
Furthermore, the company became extremely busy with EV-related work that had increased dramatically worldwide, and it was unfortunate that the DAC development project ended without any support for continuing the experimental results or filing patent applications, perhaps because they thought "the initial costs and running costs don't add up (it's not profitable)."
Fig. 1 Start-up performance from the start of the test
Fig. 2 Time change in CO2 concentration at the outlet of the fixed-point measurement process.
Fig. 3 Process outlet concentration distribution by rotation angle
The recovered CO2 L/Min calculated from Figures 1, 2, and 3.

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